Global link connector system

ABSTRACT

A connector mating system that can enable the coupling and decoupling of electrical or optical communications channels, while in a deep, sub-oceanic, sea-floor environments, during which time the contacting interfaces of the said channels remain fully protected from the destructive effects of the said environment. The system features a Wet-Mate Connector (WMC) that provides a means for electrical, optical and hybrid interconnection within an extremely hostile environments.

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.13/527,736 filed Jun. 20, 2012, which is a continuation of No.12/628,190 filed Nov. 30, 2009, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,226,303. The entiredisclosures of these applications are incorporated herein by reference.

This application includes material which is subject to copyrightprotection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimilereproduction by anyone of the patent disclosure, as it appears in thePatent and Trademark office files or records, but otherwise reserves allcopyright rights whatsoever.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to systems and methods for electrical oroptical connectors, and more specifically, to electrical or opticalconnectors for connections in deep oceanic environments.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Driven by cost factors, as well as the need to overcome the hazards andcomplexities associated with joining and switching of multi-circuitcables in deep oceanic environments, the industry was first introducedto Wet-Mateable Connectors (WMC) in the early 1960's. The earliestsystems enabled the mating of electrical contacts, in an underseaenvironment through the use of electrical contacts protected by a densegrease medium, which was then expelled during the process of connection.This wet-connection capability made possible more complex systemarchitectures, but was limited by the inability to disconnect or toreconnect such circuits in under-water conditions.

By the 1970's the next phase of under-sea connector development broughtto market, commercially viable and fully wet-mateable electricalconnection mechanisms. These connectors offered the operator the abilityto repeatedly plug and unplug electrical connections, in deeplysubmerged conditions, either by the manual manipulations of divers, orwith the aid of (later developed) submersible, remote operated Vehicles(roVs), linked by control cables to a surface maintenance vessel. Thistechnological advancement provided significantly enhanced systemflexibility and made possible the development of large-scale, localizedunder-sea networks which had not previous been possible.

In the 1980's wet-mate connector technology was extended tosingle-channel, fiber-optic, and hybrid (electric-optic) applications.Then later, in the 1990's, multichannel electric and “Joined Chamber”multi-channel fiber-optic and hybrid (electric-optic) connectors wereintroduced. Within several years, this technology became commerciallyviable, to where multi-channel electric, optic and electric-optic hybridWMC configurations were marketed by several suppliers.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In one embodiment, the invention is a connector set comprising a plughaving a front oil chamber and a secondary oil chamber having electricalor optical contacts and a receptacle having a front oil chamber and asecondary oil chamber having electrical or optical contacts, thereceptacle being adapted to receive the plug. The front oil chamber inthe plug and the front oil chamber of the receptacle are used formechanically engaging the plug and the receptacle, and the secondary oilchamber in the plug and the secondary oil chamber in the receptacle areused for isolation and contact engagement of the electrical or opticalcontacts of the plug with the electrical or optical contacts of thereceptacle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of theinvention will be apparent from the following more particulardescription of preferred embodiments as illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which reference characters refer to the same partsthroughout the various views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale,emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating principles of theinvention.

FIGS. 1A-1F illustrate a series of external profile views of oneembodiment of a connector set in which the plug and related receptacleare independently represented.

FIGS. 2A-2H-4 illustrate a series of descriptive drawings of theprinciple internal mechanisms of one embodiment of the connector setproper, in which:

FIG. 2A illustrates a longitudinal section view of one embodiment of thecomplete plug and receptacle system, including numerical identificationsof the various components and features of the internal mechanisms.

FIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4 illustrate a series of longitudinal sectionviews of one embodiment of the plug and receptacle connector set, whichdescribes the behavior of the various internal components during stagesof the connector set engagement process, and depicting this progressionof events from top (fully disengaged), to bottom (fully engaged).

FIGS. 2C-1 through 2C-4 illustrate a diagrammatic representation of oneembodiment of the sequential stages of action which occur during themating process, and describing in particular, the behavior of the plugand receptacle interfaces, in relation to the progress of travel of atypical plug contact.

FIG. 2D illustrates one embodiment of a direct view of the examplereceptacle interface end.

FIG. 2E illustrates one embodiment of a transverse section view of theplug, which principally describes the contours and interfacerelationship between the plug shell and the insert shell.

FIG. 2F illustrates one embodiment of a transverse section view of thereceptacle shell, taken particularly to describe the octagonal profilegeometry of the said shell.

FIGS. 2G-1 and 2G-2 illustrate one embodiment of a representation of apush-seal element which functions to isolate fluid-filled cavities ofthe plug or receptacle assemblies, but which can be penetrated by eitherelectric or optic plug assembly contacts.

FIGS. 2H-1 through 2H-4 illustrate one embodiment of a representation ofthe automatic shutoff valve located at the end of the shaft of the pluginterface plate, and a description of its manner of operation.

FIGS. 3A-1 through 3D-4 illustrate a series of descriptive drawingswhich is intended to identify the principle components and features ofthe coupling system element of one embodiment of this connector setconcept, in which:

FIGS. 3A-1 through 3A-3 illustrate a series of longitudinal sectionviews of one embodiment of the plug-mounted connector couplingmechanism, which describes the behavior of the various internalcomponents during stages of the connector set engagement process, anddepicting this progression of events from top (fully disengaged), tomiddle (fully engaged), to bottom (coupling separation by a retractionof the coupling ring).

FIGS. 3B-1 and 3B-2 illustrate a descriptive representation of oneembodiment of the Coupling ring latching mechanism as it appears in bothits engage and disengaged attitudes.

FIGS. 3C-1 through 3C-3 illustrate a pictorial representation of themanner in which the castlated teeth of one embodiment of theplug-mounted castlated ring and the receptacle shell are made to engageand secure.

FIGS. 3D-1 through 3D-4 illustrate one embodiment of a “flat-projected”diagrammatic representation of the relationship between the Couplingring, the Castlated ring and the receptacle shell, describedsequentially during both the mating and separation process.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The basic operating concept for the mechanical interface of oneembodiment of the connector system is illustrated in FIGS. 2C-1 through2C-4, and is described in four sequential drawings. In the first drawingto the left, the scalloped discs represent the plug interface component1 (far disc) and the receptacle interface component 2 (near disc). Thetwo discs are shown separated, as in a position poised to mate. The pluginterface disc 1, in this representation, is still positively seatedinto the interface end wall of the plug assembly, within an aperture ofidentical profile geometry. In like manner, The receptacle interfacedisc 2, in this representation, is still positively seated into theinterface end wall of the Receptacle assembly, also within an apertureof identical profile geometry.

A mating force, applied to both the Plug and Receptacle assemblies, nextbrings the two interface components together (as represented in theillustration next, to the right). The joining of the two interface discsautomatically locks these components together in such manner that theirrotational attitudes will remain perfectly aligned throughout the entiremating, mated and dis-mating process. At the same time, the interfacingrims of the plug interface shell (insert shell cap 66) and thereceptacle shell 5, are joined to form a fluid-tight seal so as toprevent intermixing of surrounding seawater with the pressurecompensating fluids contained within the Plug and Receptacle assemblies.To this point, each extreme extension of the scalloped profile (thecrests of the profiles), is positioned to be located directly in thepath of a plug contact. As the compressive force between the plug andreceptacle is then increased, the joined Interface discs are made todisplace, together, into the forward cavity of the receptacle assembly.

During this displacement travel, the shaft of the receptacle interfacecomponent 2, is cammed into rotating as depicted in the thirdillustration of this drawing set. The interlocked condition of the twointerface plates (plug and receptacle) assures that both of thesecomponents are made to rotate together, in perfect coincidence. Theconsequent effect of this rotation is to then shift the profile creststo one side, and to thereby allow a clear travel path for the plugcontacts, as the compression of the plug and receptacle assembliescontinues beyond the travel limits of the Interface discs 1, 2, into afull-mated condition. Upon complete mating of the plug and receptacleassemblies, The coupling mechanism is enabled to fully engage, securingthe plug and receptacle assemblies together until separation is achievedby retraction of the coupling Ring 6.

Receptacle Assembly

With reference to FIG. 2A, and more specifically to the longitudinalsection view of the receptacle assembly, in one embodiment, thestructure is composed of a receptacle shell 5 which houses an insert 7,which insert is installed in fixed orientation to the plug/receptaclealignment guide slot 12. This orientation is achieved and secured by thealignment of the receptacle shell 5 with the flange shell 4, by means ofthe alignment pin 53, and the alignment of the flange shell 4 with theinsert 7 as a result of the common intrusion of the electric and/oroptic contracts 16 and 17.

The flange shell 4 and the receptacle shell 5 are secured together bymeans of a threaded coupling ring 54, which assembly also serves tofixedly secure all of the internal components of the receptacleassembly. Within the core of the insert 7, and in fixed orientation, issecured the interface shaft guide post 8. This guide post 8 is mountedwith Camming pegs 9, which are functionally engaged to correspondingcamming slots 10, which slots in turn are features of the shaft of thereceptacle interface plate 2. Moreover, the exterior surface of thereceptacle interface plate 2 is covered with a thin, lowdurometer,elastomeric gasket 65, to function as an interfacing seal, when engagedto the corresponding surface of the plug interface plate 1

Mounted within the insert 7 is an array of electric contacts 17, whichare secured and sealed into the flange shell 4 by means of a threadedinterface and electric sealing boots 19 and/or mounted within the insert7 is an array of optical contacts 16, which are secured and sealed intothe flange shell 4 by means of optical strain relief boots 18. Amultiplicity of such contacts can be coincidentally arrayed within thisassembly, in any combination. Moreover, each functional interconnectionarea of either the electric 17 or optical 16 contacts is enshroudedwithin an independent contact isolation membrane 15, as a component of asub-assembly which also includes at the forward end, a push- sealcomponent 58. When the receptacle assembly is in the dis-matedcondition, this push seal 58 serves to isolate the internal contactcavity from the forward, fluid-filled cavity located directly behind thereceptacle interface plate. During the mating process, the forward endof each push-seal 58 is so configured so as to permit penetration byeither type of intruding plug contact whether an electric contact 36 oran optic contact 38.

Finally, by various configurations of channeling within the componentsof the receptacle assembly, the fluid-filled cavities of the saidassembly are made to communicate with the internal surface of a mainbellophragm-type pressure compensation element 13. The external surfaceof this pressure compensation element 13, is made to communicate withthe environmental seawater via radially configured channels through thewalls of the flange shell 4, and then through, and around the assemblyCoupling ring 54. a measure of contaminant filtering of the surroundingseawater, during the compensation “breathing” process is achieved bymeans of a filter Band 55, installed as a component of the assemblyCoupling ring 54.

In the dis-mated condition, the scalloped receptacle interface plate 2,is firmly seated within a correspondingly profiled, scalloped apertureat the interface end of the receptacle shell 5, and is held secure inthis closed and sealed condition under the motivation of the interfaceplate spring 11, which surrounds the centrally located interface shaftguide post 8. Environmental sealing between the scalloped profile of thereceptacle interface plate 1, and the corresponding seating surface ofthe receptacle shell 5 is further aided by a peripheral sealing gasket20.

An elastomeric Band 57 is made a component of the Threaded Coupling ring54, in such manner as to serve as a contaminant sealing device, when theplug and receptacle assemblies are fully mated. The manner of thissealing function is clearly evident in the bottom-most longitudinalsection view (fully mated view) of FIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4.

Plug Assembly

With reference to FIG. 2A, and more specifically to the longitudinalsection view of the plug assembly, in one embodiment, the internalmechanisms of the plug assembly are supported by a surrounding plugshell 21.

Secured within the plug shell 21, by means of threaded fasteners is theinsert assembly, which insert assembly is secured within the plug shell21, in fixed and precise orientation with regard to the plug/receptaclealignment peg 26, so as to assure precise alignment of the plug contactarray, with the corresponding receptacle contact array, during theconnector set mating procedure. Moreover, an intermediate supportingstructure consisting of an insert shell 3 is installed concentric to theinsert assembly, in such manner that the insert shell 3 is free totravel only in an axially aligned manner with respect to the plug shell21. The insert assembly is free to travel within the insert shell 3,only in a precisely axial manner, and within predefined longitudinallimits. Moreover, the forward end of the insert shell 3 is fitted withan insert shell Cap 66, which aids in the retention of internalcomponents, provides positional support for the plug assembly Contacts36 and 38 and serves as a facilitating means for product assembly.

FIG. 2E, which depicts a transverse section (section C-C) taken throughthe body of one embodiment of the plug assembly, describes the interfacerelationship between the external surface of the insert shell 3, and thebore of the plug assembly compensator mounting ring 41, which in turn isinstalled within the plug shell 21. This interface can be entirelyexposed to seawater environment, as well as to sand, silt, and othersea-floor contaminants. In the illustrated embodiment, the externalprofile of the insert shell 3 is characterized by a polygonal geometry,which rides within a cylindrical bore, so as to provide an interfaceconfiguration that is least prone to contaminant degradation, to bindingor to failure during normal operation in the presence of suchconditions.

In the illustrated embodiment, a tubular, corrugated, elastic,environmental isolation Bellows 32 is fixed and sealed at the rear ofthe insert shell 3, while at the other end of the said environmentalisolation Bellows 32 the said bellows is fixed and sealed to the rearsegment of the insert assembly. This assembled configuration yields aninternal sub-assembly mechanism that is sealed against all environmentalconditions, and is provided with automatic pressure/temperaturecompensation, and for any consequent variations of internal fluidvolumes.

Moreover, the environmental isolation Bellows is simultaneously capableof handling the radical changes in volume that will be experiencedduring the complete cycles of mating and dis-mating of the connectorset. The external surface of this isolation Bellows 32 is providedaccess to environmental seawater by means of venting holes 34 throughwalls of the plug shell 21. Additional temperature/pressure fluid-volumecompensation is provided by means of six compensation elements 29,installed into the body of the insert shell 3, as illustrated both inthe longitudinal section view of the plug assembly, and in thetransverse section (C-C), FIG. 2E. Effective venting 30, for the properoperation of these compensation elements 29, is also depicted in thesesection views.

The insert assembly, as above described, is principally composed of aninsert 22, an array of plug assembly electric contacts 36, and/or anarray of plug assembly optical contacts 38. The plug assembly electriccontracts 36 are secured into the rear of the insert 22 by means ofelectric contact boot seals 37. The plug assembly optical contracts 38are secured into the rear of the insert 22 by means of optical contactstrain relief boot assemblies 39. Within the bore of the insert 22, aninsert sleeve 25 is fixedly attached, which insert sleeve 25 is alsoprovided with an array of “L”-shaped slots 28. These “L”-slots 28 arecorrespondingly engaged by a mating set of “L”-slot pegs 27, which“L”-slot pegs 27 are made to be fixed components of the Valve Body 23,which Valve Body 23 is a press-fitted component affixed onto the end theshaft portion of the plug interface plate 1.

Under the compressed motivation of a shaft spring 33, a shaft spring Cap24, which also serves as a component of a fluid-venting valve assembly,is fitted into the end of the valve body, through a thrust bearing 65that enables a low-friction rotational relationship between the shaftspring cap 24 and the valve Body 23. As described below, the “L”-slotpegs 27 in relation to the “L”-slot features 28 of the insert sleeve 25,provide the means by which the plug interface plate 1 is retained in itsproper axial and radial positions, and is securely seated, into thescalloped aperture at the interface end of the of the insert shell Cap66, under the influence of the interface plate spring 62.

In the same manner as the “L” slot pegs 27 and “L” slot features 28serve to define the proper orientation of the plug interface plate shaft1, so too does the guide Block 63, which is affixed to the shaft springCap 24, maintain the proper orientation of that shaft spring Cap 24, inrelation to the Valve Body 23 and to the plug interface plate shaft 1,to which the Valve Body 23 is fixedly attached. This orientation isgoverned by the continuous location of this guide Block 53 within an “L”slot feature 28. During their press-fitted assembly, proper relativeorientation of the Valve Body 23 and the plug interface plate shaft 1,is assured by means of an alignment pin 64.

Housed within the insert sleeve cap 66, is an array of push sealelements 14, which serve as alignment guides for all of the electricand/or optic plug assembly contacts 36 and 38, and as a means of fluidisolation between the fluid-filled cavity located directly behind theplug interface plate 1, and the fluid-filled cavity within the insertsleeve 25. These push-seal elements 14 are so configured as to allow fortheir penetration by advancing plug assembly contacts, while maintainingtheir sealing qualities. Moreover, the design of the push-seal elements14 is such as to also provide a wiping or cleaning action, duringpenetration, to assure that contaminants which might develop within onefluid-filled cavity, will not be transferred to the adjacentfluid-filled cavity.

Coupling Mechanism

The top-most illustration of FIGS. 3A-1 through 3A-3, is a longitudinalsection view of one embodiment of a coupling ring mechanism, whichidentifies all of the significant components of the system, and theirpositioning in relationship to each other. The plug shell 21 comprisesthe foundation of the mechanism, onto the end of which is mounted theprinciple engagement element, the castlated ring 51. The castlated ring51, in turn, is secured to the plug assembly by means of the retainingpeg/s 52, which retaining pegs 52 are press-fitted into the castlatedring 51, so as to protrude into a groove feature of the plug shell 21.The groove/s feature of the plug shell 21 is configured to permit arotational motion of the castlated ring 51 of up to a limit (in thisexample) of 30 degrees.

A Coupling ring 6 is installed over the castlated ring 51, and issecured by the installation of a press-fitted camming peg 48, whichcamming peg 48 is made to intrude into the area of a camming groovefeature of the castlated ring 51. This coupling ring 6 is furthersecured, and regulated in its range of motion, by a castlatedring-mounted guide pin (not shown), which intrudes into a longitudinalgroove (also not shown) cut into the outer surface of the plug shell 21.The installation of the Coupling ring 6 is coincident with theinstallation of an array of return spring mechanisms 40, which are soconfigured as to retain the Coupling ring 6 in the forward-mostattitude, except when retracted under the influence of an externalforce.

At appropriate locations of an inner diameter of the Castlated ring 51,a Latching slot feature 50 is provided, which feature can be engaged bya rocking latch 46, in such manner as to lock the rotational position ofthe castlated ring 51. When the rocking latch 46 is activated by anupward displacement of the actuator pin 42, the rocking latch 46 is madeto retract from the latching slot feature 50, to thereby release therotational position of the castlated ring 51, to then allow the saidcastlated ring 51 to reposition to a different orientation.

Activation of the rocking Latch 46 by the actuator pin 42 causes therocker Latch 46 to compress against the Latch spring 47, so that whenthe Castlated ring 51 is again oriented so that the Latching slotfeature 50 is properly aligned, the rocker Latch 46 can once more engagesame, to again fix the oriented position of the Castlated ring 51. Asshown in the FIGS. 3B-1 and 3B-2, and in the center illustration ofFIGS. 3A-1 through 3A-3, upward displacement of the actuator pin 42 ismade to occur upon complete seating of the receptacle assembly into theplug assembly. This function is accomplished through a preciseconfiguration of the receptacle shell 5 profile, in relation tocorrespondingly precise dimensioning of the mechanical interfacegeometry of the plug assembly and its internal mechanisms.

In order to protect the functionality of the latching mechanism from thehazards of seawater and of sea floor contaminants, the actuator pin 42is mounted into the center of a taut, elastic diaphragm 44, and issecured in its installation by means of an actuator retainer ring 43.The diaphragm 44, in turn, is fixedly installed into a compensatormounting ring 41, by means of a diaphragm retaining ring 45. The fullyassembled diaphragm retaining ring 45 is then fitted into the forwardbore of the plug assembly, and is precisely oriented in its installationby means of locating pins 49. This installation is then secured byinstallation of two plug/receptacle alignment guide pegs 26.

Coupling Ring Operational Sequence

A feature of one embodiment of the locking ring coupling mechanism isthe array of castlated teeth which are provided as an external elementof the receptacle shell 5 profile, and the correlated array ofinternally featured castlated teeth within the forward bore of theCastlated ring 51 component of the plug assembly. FIGS. 3A-1 through3A-3 provides a simplified representation of the manner in which thecastlated teeth of the plug-mounted Castlated ring 51, are made toapproach, and then engage, the array of castlated teeth which are acomponent feature of the receptacle shell 5.

The complete sequence of operations which define the overall function ofone embodiment of a coupling system is represented in the stylizedsequential diagrams of FIGS. 3D-1 through 3D-4. The last diagram to theright, illustrates how a physical retraction of the coupling ring 6 ofthe plug assembly (when the said plug assembly is dis-mated from itsmating receptacle assembly) is made, by means of a camming action, torotate the castlated ring 51 until, the full retraction of the saidcoupling ring 6 causes the latch slot feature/s 50, within the bore ofthe castlated ring 51 to align with the spring-loaded Latchs 46.

Upon alignment of the Latch/s 46 with the Latch slot features 50 of thecastlated ring 51, the said Latch 46 engages into the said slot feature50, to hold the rotational attitude of the Castlated ring 51 fixed,against the force of a compressed spring (not shown) housed in theinterface between the bore of the castlated ring 51, and the outersurface of the plug shell 21. This fixed orientation of the castlatedring 51, (locked against the force of a compressed spring), is thenormal condition of the coupling mechanism whenever the plug assembly isdis-mated from its corresponding receptacle assembly. This condition ofthe coupling mechanism is described in the first (left hand) diagram ofFIGS. 3D-1 through 3D-4, in which it is further depicted that thecastlation teeth of the castlated ring 51, are able to pass between thearray of castlation teeth of the receptacle, as will occur in theprocess of mating the plug and receptacle assemblies.

The second diagram of FIGS. 3D-1 through 3D-4 describes the instant ofcomplete mating of the plug and receptacle assemblies, at the precisemoment when the ramped contour of the receptacle shell 5 has fullydisplaced the actuator pin 42, and through the action of that actuatorpin 42, has caused the displacement and retraction of the rockingLatches 46 from the slot features 50 of the Castlated ring 51. Releaseof the rocking latchs 46 enables the castlated ring 51 to rotate, underthe driving force of the noted spring, to cause the castlation teeth ofthe castlated ring 51 to engage directly behind the castlation teeth ofthe receptacle shell 5, it will be noted from this diagram that theengaging surfaces of the castlation teeth of the castlated ring 51, andthe castlation teeth of the receptacle shell 5 are ramped, in thefashion of “segments of a screw thread”. Such ramped engagementguarantees perfect axial linkage of the mated plug and receptacleassemblies, without the possibility of “mated spring-back”.

The third diagram of FIGS. 3D-1 through 3D-4 described the attitude ofall of the principle components of the coupling Mechanism, in the fullymated condition, and in particular it illustrates the camming peg 48 asa component of the coupling ring 6, in relation to the triangularcamming slot feature/s of the castlated ring 51 in this attitude,camming pegs 48 are perfectly positioned to cam the castlated ring 51into full dis-engagement mode, whenever the coupling ring 6, is nextretracted under the influence of an external force.

Finally, it will be noted from the longitudinal section views of FIGS.3A-1 through 3A-3 that the forward geometry of the castlated ring 51 isconfigured as the principle interfacing surface of the complete plugassembly, and that as such, is provided with sufficient bulk and mass totolerate the aggressive handling conditions which are to be anticipatedfor a mechanism in this type of service. Moreover, the castlated ring 51is configured with an exaggerate coned entry, to facilitate successfulengagement of this plug assembly with its mating receptacle assembly,even under conditions of moderate misalignment and/or moderatedeviations in angle of entry, which are likely to occur when such matingis to be performed by remote mechanical aids, such as a conventionalundersea ROV.

Plug Receptacle Mating Sequence

FIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4 provide a series of longitudinal section viewsof one embodiment of both the plug and receptacle assemblies, whichviews describe the sequential behavior of the internal mechanisms ofthis connector system during the entire engagement process. The top-mostillustration describes a fully dis-mated connector set, showing thequiescent condition of all internal components.

The second section view illustrates the initial interface contact of theplug and receptacle assemblies, and describes the manner in which raisedfeatures on the receptacle interface plate 2, engage into correspondingrecessed features of the plug interface plate 1, which features are madeto be completely identical in position and contour. These interfacefeatures can provide a means by which to securely fix the plug interfaceplate 1 and the receptacle interface plate 2 together so that theirorientation, relative to each other will be held coincident throughoutthe connector set mating process. This section view further demonstratesthat upon initial contact, the receptacle shell 5 of the receptacle,which is the forward-most structural component of the receptacle, andthe insert shell cap 66 of the plug assembly, are in direct contact, andwill remain so throughout the mating process.

The third section view in the series describes the effects of theinitial compressive force as it is applied to the engagement of the plugand receptacle assemblies. Upon application of this force, the travel ofthe compensator mounting ring 41, within the plug shell 21, over thereceptacle shell 5, immediately applies a corresponding force, withinthe plug assembly, directly to the rear of the environmental isolationBellows 32 and to the interface shaft spring 33. Since the plug insertshell cap 66 is in constrained contact with the receptacle shell 5, thiscompressive force acts to directly compress the environmental isolationBellows 32. The same force, being applied to the rear of the interfaceshaft spring 33, however, is made to motivationally displace the pluginterface shaft 1, by acting through its related components, the shaftspring cap 24 and the valve body 23.

Since the plug interface plate 1 (and its integral shaft) are in firmcontact with the receptacle interface plate 2, both interface plates arecoincidentally made to displace directly into the forward cavity of thereceptacle assembly. The coincident axial movement of the receptacleinterface plate 2 causes its integral shaft, within the core of thereceptacle assembly, to act and compress against the receptacleinterface spring 11, which is substantially weaker than the plug shaftspring 33. The receptacle interface spring 11 is installed directly overand around the interface shaft guide post 8. As stated earlier, thisguide post 8 is fixedly attached to the base structure of the receptacleassembly, and has mounted to it, an array of Camming pegs 9. Also asdescribed earlier, these camming pegs 9 are engaged into a correspondingarray of camming slot features 10, which are an integral feature of theshaft of the receptacle interface plate 2, which shaft is also made toslip-fit over, and to slide along, the guide post 8.

The shaft is constrained in its motion along and around the guide post 8by the limitations of the camming slot features 10 of the shaft, and therelated camming pegs 9, which are affixed to the guide post 8. As theshaft portion of receptacle interface plate 2 is made to travel intoreceptacle assembly, the effect of the camming pegs 8, which act withinthe camming slot features 10 of the shaft of the receptacle interfaceplate 2, is to cause the said receptacle interface plate to rotatethrough a predefined orientational angle. The configuration of thecamming slot feature 10, during this motion, serves both to limit thespecific length of travel of the two joined interface plates, and toeffect a controlled rotation of the two joined interface plates to anexact rotational excursion.

Since this initial motion of the plug interface plate 1 is locked andcoincident to the motion of the receptacle interface plate 2, thetraveling rotation of the shaft of the receptacle interface plate 2imposes a coincident traveling motion on the shaft of the plug interfaceplate 1. It will further be noted from the third illustration of FIGS.2B-1 through 2B-4 that the insert 22 within the plug assembly, as wellas the array of electric plug assembly contacts 36 and the array ofoptical plug assembly contacts 38, are all mechanically secured to theplug shell 21, and that therefore the insert and Contact arrays must allmove coincidently with the motion of the plug shell 21.

A comparison between the second and third illustrations shows that inthe second illustration, the forward ends of all of the plug assemblycontacts were confined within an array of push seals 14, which sealspopulate an internal web of the insert shell Cap 66. The initialfunction of these push seals 14 is to provide isolation between theforward and central fluid cavities of the plug assembly, so as to reduceor eliminate the migration of potentially contaminated fluids. Thisconstraint upon potential migration of such contaminants minimizespotential interfere with the proper function and performance of eitherthe electric plug assembly Contacts 36 and/or the optical plug assemblyContracts 38.

The third illustration of FIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4 shows that the initialforward travel of the joined interface plates and related components,was also coincident with the forward motion of the complete array of theplug assembly Contracts. Moreover, since the insert shell 3 wasconstrained from any further forward motion, the entire array ofelectric plug assembly Contacts 36 and optical plug assembly contacts 38was made to pierce through their related push seals 14. In oneembodiment, these seals are designed with elastomeric cores, and aresegmented at the forward end, so that they remain closed and effectivelyfluid tight in their normal state, but can readily be pierced bycomponents which are small, circular and of smooth profile, whichcomponents can readily be made to flare the forward segments, in theprocess of their penetration.

The initial travel of the joined interface plates and the array of plugassembly contacts are limited by the length of the camming slot features10 within the receptacle assembly. Moreover, through the geometry of theCamming slot features 10, this travel yields a controlled rotation ofthe joined interface plates, so that the crests of the scallopedperiphery of the interface plate profiles, no longer obstruct theforward motion of the any of the advancing plug assembly contacts.

Referring once more to a comparison between the second and thirdillustrations of FIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4, it will be seen that in thesecond illustration, the “L”-slot pegs 27 are seated at the crest of theshort leg of the “L” slot features 28, which features are a part of theinsert sleeve 25, which sleeve is fixedly attached to the bore of theinsert 22. As previously stated, the insert 22 is mechanically fixed tothe basic plug assembly structure, i.e. the plug shell 21. Thus, asdepicted in the second illustration of FIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4, theaxial motion of the joined interface plates, as well as their shafts andassociated components, is restricted to motion coincident with that ofthe plug shell 21.

It will further be noted in the third illustration of FIGS. 2B-1 through2B-4, that when the initial axial travel of the joined interface plates,as well as their shafts and associated components, has reached itslimits, as defined by the camming slot features 10 within the receptacleassembly, that action of the camming slot features 10 has also caused aconsequent rotation of that entire chain of components, including thepositioning of the “L” slot pegs 27, which pegs 27 as a result ofrotation, are now given access to the long, axial leg of the “L” slotfeatures 28 within the insert sleeve 25. This re-alignment of the “L”slot pegs 27, in relation to the associated “L” slot features 28 withinthe insert sleeve 25 now yields a potential for further travel of theplug shell 21, and its related components, beyond the controlled andlimited travel of the joined interface plates and their associatedcomponents.

The final length of compression between the plug and receptacleassemblies causes engagement and automatic locking of the Coupling ringmechanism, as described earlier in this disclosure. A further effect ofthis final length of travel, is represented in the fourth (bottom)illustration of FIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4, in which is shown the totalextent of travel of the complete plug assembly contact array, to thepoint where full penetration of the said plug assembly Contact arrayinto the complete array of receptacle assembly contacts is achieved,within the body of the receptacle assembly. The fourth illustration ofFIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4 also shows that during the excursion of the plugassembly contact array, each plug assembly contact is made to pierce apush seal element 58. Each of these push-seal elements 58, is designedto isolate the principle fluid-filled cavities of the receptacleassembly, from the individual fluid-filled cavities of each receptaclecontact area. Moreover, a feature within each contact isolation shroud15 also serves to wipe and clean the penetrating plug assembly contactof any potential contaminants, prior to the physical seating of the saidcontact. Each Contact isolation shroud 15 is provided with an elasticmembrane which enables the displacement of fluid within the shroud 15 tobe translated into a displacement of the coincident volume directly tothe volume of the surrounding fluid within the principle cavities of thereceptacle assembly.

Fluid Venting and Temperature/Pressure Compensation

As discussed above, in one embodiment, the cavities within the plug andreceptacle assemblies are filled with an appropriate fluid as aprinciple element for pressure compensation, i.e. as a medium that wouldmaintain an equilibrium of pressure within the connector set cavities tobe coincident with variations in the pressure of the surroundingenvironment. As an aid to this compensation means, elastic membranes,bellows and the like are also provided in the walls of the receptacleand plug outer structures, to act as resilient interface barriers. Ingeneral, this resilient interface barrier not only aids in accommodatingvariations in environmental pressure, but also relieves volumetricchanges within the connector set chambers, which may result from thermalexpansion or contraction of the pressure compensating fluid. In additionto accommodating volumetric changes due to variations in temperature andpressure, the resilient barriers provided in the structure of thisconnector set, have been made elastic enough to handle the much greatervolumetric changes which occur during the mating and dis-matingprocedures during which significant compression and expansion of theinternal cavities are made to happen.

Considerable circulation of the compensating fluid is made to occurthroughout the various cavities within the system. In addition, thiscirculation of fluids between cavities is rendered even more complex bythe fact that when the plug and receptacle assemblies become physicallyengaged, and the joined interface plates are made to displace into theforward cavity of the receptacle assembly, the forward cavities(mechanical interface cavities) of both the plug and receptacleassemblies effectively become a single cavity . . . with common fluidcontent.

Moreover, the physical action of joining the plug and receptacleinterfaces introduce trace amounts of environmental contamination intothe system fluids, furthermore, each subsequent action of mating anddis-mating must nominally add to this level of foreign contamination.Finally, mechanical wear and similar factors must also add trivialamounts of other kinds of contaminants to the total. This incrementalbuildup of fluid contamination need not necessarily degrade the overallperformance of this connector system, provided that the corrupted fluidsare not permitted to interfere with the performance and/or functionalityof either the electrical or optical contact junctions. For this reason,it is a feature of at least one embodiment of the present invention tomaintain a high degree of isolation in regard to the fluid flow betweenvarious cavities within the system, and in particular, the junctions ofelectrical and optical interfaces, in the area of the receptacleassembly contacts within the receptacle assembly.

To satisfy these requirements, it will be noted (FIGS. 2B-1 through2B-4) that within the receptacle assembly, each receptacle contact isprovided with an independent elastic seal 15 which, in conjunction withits associated push seal 58 provides an isolated fluid environment,which is protected from the effects of potentially contaminated fluidsof the surrounding cavity. Then too, with reference to the plugassembly, it will be noted that in the area of the plug assembly contactextensions (forward of the insert 22), that no communication of fluid ispermitted to other cavities of the connector system, and that anindependent means of volumetric compensation is provided, at six places,in the walls of the insert sleeve 3.

Again with reference to the plug assembly (FIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4), itwill be noted that in one embodiment of the plug assembly a channel offluid communication is provided, through the shaft of the plug interfaceplate 1 to the cavity surrounded by the environmental isolation Bellows32. However, it should also be noted (FIGS. 2B-1 through 2B-4), that atthe end of the shaft of the plug interface plate 1 a valve mechanism hasbeen added. This mechanism, consisting of the shaft end of the pluginterface plate 1, the valve body 23, which is press-fitted to the endof the shaft, and the shaft spring cap 24 is positioned to regulateaccess between the forward-most and rear-most cavities of the plugassembly. The shaft spring Cap 24 is so configured that its motionwithin the insert sleeve 25 is limited to axial motion only. Thislimitation is achieved by having provided a guide block 63, which isfixedly attached to the shaft spring Cap 24, and is made to fit into thelongitudinal leg of an “L” slot feature 28 of the insert sleeve 25.

By means of the guide Block 63, which is made to ride within thelongitudinal leg of an “L” slot feature 28, the motion of the shaftspring Cap 24, during the mating and dis-mating procedures, is limitedto axial travel only. as can be seen in FIGS. 2H-1 through 2H-4, thatsince the shaft spring Cap 24 is constrained from rotation, the rotationof the valve body 23, automatically seals or unseals access of fluidsfrom the radial channels within the Cap. By this means exchange of fluidis possible between the forward-most and rearmost cavities of the plugassembly, but only during a portion of the initial travel of the joinedinterface plates. as the cammed rotation of the interface plates is madeto occur, as previously described, the shaft of the plug interface plate1 is also made to rotate, carrying with it the press-fitted valve body23, so that upon complete mating of the connector set, the valve is madeto constrain fluid venting between the forward and aft cavities of theplug assembly.

While various embodiments have been described for purposes of thisdisclosure, such embodiments should not be deemed to limit the teachingof this disclosure to those embodiments. Various changes andmodifications may be made to the elements and described above to obtaina result that remains within the scope of the systems and methodsdescribed in this disclosure.

I claim:
 1. A connector set comprising: a plug having an isolationchamber having electrical or optical contacts; a receptacle having anisolation chamber having electrical or optical contacts, the receptaclebeing adapted to receive the plug, wherein the isolation chamber in theplug and the isolation chamber of the receptacle are barrier sealed froman external environment by a scalloped rotational interface valve,providing an isolated contiguous isolation chamber with passageway forthe optical or electrical contacts between the connector halves,following engagement of the individual connector halves.
 2. Theconnector set of claim 1 wherein each interface valve establishes asealing interface between a surface of the respective interface valves.3. The connector set of claim 1 wherein each interface valve isinstalled in a carrier shell, providing a sealing interface between anend of each valve carrier shell and about a perimeter of the respectiveinterface valve before and during engagement of the plug and receptacle.4. The connector set of claim 1 whereby the interface valves rotate uponconnector engagement.
 5. The connector set of claim 1 wherein interfacevalves, when rotated, each provide linear passages between the engagedconnector halves.
 6. The connector set of claim 1 wherein interfacevalves, when rotated, each provide passage for at least one electricalcontact.
 7. The connector set of claim 1 wherein each interface valve,when rotated, provides passage for at least one optical contact.
 8. Theconnector set of claim 1 wherein each interface valve, when rotated,provides passage for at least one hybrid optical-electrical contacts. 9.The connector set of claim 1 wherein each interface valves is configuredsuch that the valve is capable of being scaled in size to accommodate arange of contact diameters.
 10. The connector set of claim 1 whereineach interface valves has at least one interface scallop to accommodateat least one contact passage.
 11. The connector set of claim 1 whereinthe geometry of the at least one interface scallop is defined as a shapethat when rotated accommodates at least one contact passage.
 12. Theconnector set of claim 1 wherein each interface valves forms a seal withthe corresponding interface valve carrier shell.
 13. The connector setof claim 1 wherein the interface valves that are rotated by radialcamming during engagement of the plug and the receptacle.
 14. Theconnector set of claim 1 wherein each interface valves forms a seal withthe corresponding interface valve carrier shell, providing a sealinginterface between an end of each valve carrier shell and about aperimeter of the respective interface valve following disengagement ofthe plug and receptacle.
 15. A connector set comprising: a plug having asingle isolation chamber housing electrical and or optical contacts; areceptacle having a front isolation chamber and a secondary isolationchamber having electrical and or optical contacts, the receptacle beingadapted to receive the plug; wherein the isolation chamber in the plugand the front isolation chamber of the receptacle are barrier sealedfrom the outside environment providing an isolated contiguous isolationchamber between the connector halves following engagement of theindividual connector halves, and where the receptacle has an additionalseal comprised of a plurality of multiple pie shaped seal sections thatprovides environmental isolation of the front isolation chamber of thereceptacle from the secondary isolation chamber of the receptacle andthat are actuated mechanically and or by contact with the correspondingplug optical or electrical contact.
 16. The connector set of claim 15wherein the pie shaped seals each comprise a plurality of multiplepie-shaped seal sections that form a sealed interface between each pieshaped seal section forming a sealed interface barrier.
 17. Theconnector set of claim 15 wherein the pie shaped seals are penetrable bya corresponding optical or electrical contact.
 18. The connector set ofclaim 15 wherein the pie shaped seal sections are integral with abackbone spring material.
 19. The connector set of claim 15 wherein thepie shaped seal backbone spring retains the pie shaped seal sections ina closed and sealed position prior to actuation by the correspondingplug optical or electrical contact.
 20. The connector set of claim 15wherein the pie shaped seals are each actuated by mechanical methods.21. The connector set of claim 15 where the pie shaped seal sectionsform an annular seal about the corresponding plug optical or electricalcontact during and following actuation of the pie shaped seal sections.22. The connector set of claim 15 wherein the pie shaped seals eachprovide isolation between a plurality of contact pins.